Which term refers to written directives for actions without prior approval?

• A. Pharmacodynamics
• B. Vials
• C. Standing orders
• D. Synthetic

Answer: (C)

Standing orders are written directives that authorize EMS providers to perform specific actions or administer medications without needing prior approval for each individual patient. They are part of prehospital protocols developed with medical oversight to ensure care is timely and consistent within the provider’s scope of practice. This approach speeds treatment in emergencies and helps standardize care when a physician isn’t immediately available. Pharmacodynamics describes how drugs affect the body, vials are containers for medications, and synthetic refers to artificial substances—none of these are the policy mechanism that allows actions without prior approval.